Lesson Five - Pubs

Шаблон:Campus PUBS

Task 1. Read the text, answer the questions and give a summary.

Pubs

The British pub (short for "public house") is unique. This is not just because it is different in character from bars or cafes in other countries. It is also because it is different from any other public place in Britain itself. Without pubs, Britain would be a less sociable country. The pub is the only indoor place where the average person can comfortably meet others, even strangers, and get into prolonged conversations with them. In cafes and fast food restaurants, people are expected to drink their coffee and get out. The atmosphere in other eating places is often rather formal. But pubs, like fast food restaurants, are classless. A pub with forty customers in it is nearly always much noisier than a cafe or restaurants with the same number of people in it.

As with so many other aspects of British life, pubs have become a bit less distinctive in the last quarter of the twentieth century. They used to serve almost nothing but beer and spirits. These days, you can get wine, coffee and some hot food at most of them as well. This has helped to widen their appeal. At one time, it was unusual for women to go to pubs. These days, only a few pubs exist where it is surprising for a woman to walk in.

Nevertheless, pubs have retained their special character. One of their notable aspects is that there is no waiter service. If you want something, you have to go and ask for it at the bar. This may not seem very welcoming and a strange way to make people feel comfortable and relaxed. But to British people it is precisely this. To be served at a table is discomforting for many people. It makes them feel they have to be on their best behaviour. But because in pubs you have to go and fetch your drinks yourself, it is more informal. You can get up and walk around whenever you want - it is like being in your own house. This "home from home" atmosphere is enhanced by the relationship between customers and those who work in pubs. Unlike in any other eating or drinking place in Britain, the staff are expected to know the regular customers personally, to know what their usual drink is and to chat with them when they are not serving someone. It is also helped by the availability of pub games (most typically darts) and, frequently, a television.

Another notable aspect of pubs is their appeal to the idea of tradition. For example, each has its own name, proclaimed on a sign hanging outside, always with old-fashioned associations. Many are called by the name of an aristocrat (for example, "the Duke of Cambridge") or after a monarch; others take their names from some traditional occupation (such as "The Bricklayer's Arms"); they often have rural associations (for example, "The Sheep Shearers" or "The Bull"). It would certainly be surprising to see a pub called "The Computer Programmers" or "The Ford Escort." For the same reason, the person who runs a pub is referred to as the "landlord" (he is nearly always a man) - even though he is, in reality, the exact opposite. He is the tenant. Nearly all pubs are owned by a brewery. The "landlord" is simply employed by the brewery as its manager. But the word is used because it evokes earlier times when all pubs were privately owned "inns" where travellers could find a bed for the night. The few pubs that really are privately owned proudly advertise themselves as "free houses." The practical significance of this for the customer is that a much wider variety of beer can usually be found inside.

VOCABULARY NOTES

1. unique — бесподобный, единственный в своем роде

2. average — обычный, нормальный

3. distinctive — особый, отличительный, характерный

4. precisely — определенно, точно, как раз

5. enhance — увеличивать, повышать, усиливать

6. staff — штат, персонал

7. association(s) — связь, общество

8. rural — сельский, деревенский

9. tenant — арендатор, наниматель

10. brewery — пивоваренный завод brewer — пивовар 11. landlord — землевладелец, помещик, хозяин, владелец дома 12. employ(ed) — держать на службе, использовать 13. inn [in] — постоялый двор, гостиница 14. significance — важность, значительность, значение '''Task 2. Complete the sentences (using the text).''' 1. The British pub is ... 2. Without pubs, Britain would be ... 3. The pub is the only indoor place where 4. A pub with forty customers in it is ... # They used to serve almost...<br/> 6. At one time it was unusual for women. T.These days only a few pubs exist where 8. One of their notable aspects is ... 9. To be served at the table is ... 10. You can get up and walk ... 11. This "home from home" atmosphere is 12. Unlike in any other eating and drinking place in Britain, the staff... 13. Many are called by the name of... 14. But the word "landlord" is used because it... 15. The practical significance of this (advertising themselves as "free houses") for the customer is ... '''Task 3. Answer the following questions.''' 1. Why is the British pub unique? 2. Do you agree with the statement that Britain would be a less sociable country without pubs? 3. Is the pub the only indoor place where the average person can comfortably meet others and get into prolonged conversations with them? 4. What is the atmosphere in pubs? 5. Was it unusual for women to go to pubs at one time? 6. What is the service in pubs in Britain? 7. Is the atmosphere of pubs in Britain enhanced by the relationship between customers and those who work there? 8. What do the staff do to improve the atmosphere in the pub? 9. Another notable aspect of pubs is their appeal to the idea of tradition, isn't it? '''Task 4. Translate the sentences into Russian.''' 1. The British pub (short for "public house") is unique. 2. The few pubs that really are privately owned proudly advertise themselves as "free houses." 3. Nearly all pubs are owned by a brewery. 4. Many are called by the name of an aristocrat (for example, "The Duke of Cambridge"), or after a monarch, others take their names from some traditional occupation (such as "The Bricklayer's Arms"). 5. The staff are expected to know the regular customers personally, to know what their usual drink is and to chat with them when they are not serving someone. 6. These days, only a few pubs exist where it is surprising for a woman to go to pubs. 7. To be served at a table is discomforting for many people. 8. You can get up and walk around whenever you want — it is like being in your own house. 9. But pubs, like fast food restaurants, are classless. 10. Without pubs, Britain would be a less sociable country. 11. But the word is used because it evokes earlier times when all pubs were privately owned "inns" where travellers could find a bed for the night. 12. The pub is the only indoor place where the average person can comfortably meet others, even strangers, and get into prolonged conversations with them. '''Task 5. Read the text, make up five questions and give a summary.''' '''What People Drink''' As well as large amounts of hot drinks such as tea, coffee and cocoa, British people - especially children - drink squash (a sweetened fruit concentrate that has to be diluted with water) and brand-name "soft" (nonalcoholic) drinks. They also expect to be able to drink water straight from the tap. Before the 1960s, wine was drunk only by the higher social classes and was associated in most people's minds with expensive restaurants. Since that time, it has increased enormously in popularity. Beer is still the most popular alcoholic drink. The most popular pub beer is "bitter," which is draught (i.e. from the barrel), has no carbonation in it and is conventionally, as are all British beers, drunk at room temperature. A sweeter, darker version of bitter is "mild." These types of beer have a comparatively low alcoholic content. This is one reason why people are able to drink so much of it! In most pubs, several kinds of bottled beer, usually known as "ales," are also available. Beer which has carbonation in it and is closer to continental varieties is known as "lager." During the 1980s, strong lager became popular among some young people. Because these people were used to drinking weaker traditional beer, they sometimes drank too much of it and became aggressive and even violent. They therefore became known as lager louts. In some pubs, cider is available on draught, and in some parts of Britain, most typically in the English west country, it is this, and not beer, which is the most common pub drink. Shandy is half beer and half fizzy lemonade. It has the reputation of being very good for quenching the thirst. '''''VOCABULARY''''' 1. dilute — to add water to another liquid to make it weaker 2. draught (Am. draft)] — beer which is pumped out of а barrel, by hand 3. conventionally — in a ordinary, usual way 4. available -ready to be used, which can be obtained 5. lager — type of light beer 6. cider — the sqeezed juice of fruit (as apples) '''''ROLE PLAY 1''''' Act out some situations. 1. Give some advice to your friends on what to drink if they go to: a) pub; b) restaurant; c) cafe. 2. Telephone your friends and invite them to a pub (restaurant). 3. You are planning a visit a pub with your friend but your wife (sister, mother) asks you to help her. '''Task 6. Read the text. Make up questions about it. Retell the text.''' '''On London Pubs''' The English pub (short for "public house") or "the local" is a significant national institution. The pub represents far more than merely a place in which to drink. For millions of English men it is a regular lunchtime meeting place, a club, a debating chamber, a television lounge, a show place and refuge from the family. Pubs are quite respectable institutions where women come unescorted. London pubs serve almost any kind of known drink but their stock-in-trade is beer. As for food, most pubs serve lunches but some offer more substantial meals. Pubs are open from 11.30 a.m. to 3.00 p.m., then from 5.30 p.m. (7.00 p.m. on Sundays) to 11.00 p.m. (10.30 p.m. on Sundays). '''''VOCABULARY NOTES''''' 1. significant — важный, существенный, значительный 2. merely — только, просто, единственно 3. chamber — комната 4. lounge — комната, место отдыха; праздное времяпрепровождение 5. refuge — убежище, прибежище 6. substantial — реальный, существенный, важный, значительный '''Task 7. Answer the following questions.''' 1. Have you ever been to the pub? 2. What else do you know about the pubs in England? 3. Is there anything of this kind in Russia? 4. Is it a very interesting place for you? 5. Have you ever been to on in another country? '''Task 8. Read these texts, make up some questions about them; discuss these texts in your groups.''' '''''HOW PEOPLE RELAX''''' '''Pubs''' Going to pubs is a very popular leisure-time activity. In a recent survey seven out of ten adults said they went to pubs, one third of them once a week or more often. Types of pubs vary considerably from quiet rural establishments with traditional games, such as skittles and dominoes, to city pubs where different sorts of entertainment such as drama and live music can often be found. The opening hours of pubs, which were previously strictly controlled, have been relaxed and many pubs now serve food as well as drink. Some pubs have become more welcoming to families with younger children than in the past, although children under fourteen are still not allowed in the pub. British drinking habits have changed, with lager and continental beers now more popular than traditional forms of British beer. In cities, wine bars have appeared in competition with pubs. Although, in general, people in Britain now drink more than they used to, new types of drinks such as alcohol-free beer and wine have appeared and there has been a general move to educate people more about the dangers of drinking excessively. '''How to shut the pub''' Although pubs can now stay open longer than they were allowed to previously, they still have to close at their advertised closing time. Therefore, the traditions of "closing time" have remained in place. Several phrases are connected with this process which are well known to everybody in the country. A few minutes before the official closing time, the landlord or barman shouts "last orders, please" (or "Last call for alcohol") which means that anybody who wants to buy another drink should do it at once. When closing time arrives, the barman shouts, "Time, ladies and gentlemen, please" and, as with his first shout, possibly accompanies this with the ringing of a bell. However, customers do not have to leave immediately. They still have "drinking-up time." This is a concept which is recognized by law and is assumed to last about ten minutes. The meanings of "bar" in British English. 1. The area in a hotel or other public place where alcoholic drinks can be drunk. 2. The different rooms in a pub. Although pubs have always been used by all social classes, there used to be an informal class division. The "public bar" was used by the working class. This is where a dartboard and other pub games could be found. The "saloon bar," on the other hand, was used by the middle classes. Here there was a carpet on the floor and the drinks were a little more expensive. Some pubs also had "a private bar," which was even more exclusive. Of course nobody had to demonstrate class membership before entering this or that bar. These days, most pubs do not bother with the distinction. In some the walls between the bars have been knocked down and in others the beer costs the same in any of the bars. 3. The counter in a pub where you go to get your drinks. '''Task 9. Listen to the tape (texts "Pubs" and "Fast Food Restaurants"). Prepare to answer the questions to these texts in class.''' '''''ROLE PLAY 2''''' Make up a dialogue according to the following situations. 1. You want to go to a pub but you don't know which one to choose, and you ask your friend to help you. 2. You are going to visit a fast food restaurant in Britain (with your girl- or boy-friend). 3. So you are satisfied with the way you use your spare time. Why? Give advice on how to spend free time. '''Task 10. Read the text. Make up ten questions to the text. Retell the text.''' '''''EATING OUT''''' '''by Clement Harding''' The Old Mill, The Quay, Wardleton, Sussex. Open: Tuesday — Sunday 7 a.m. — 11.30 p.m. This week we decided to look at a small family-run restaurant in the village of Wardleton. "The Old Mill" is newly opened and overlooks the River Wardle, and we had heard several favourable comments about it. Because we had been advised to book early, we managed to get a nice table with a view of the quay. We were made very welcome and the service was excellent because it is a small family business. The proprietor, Jeff Dean, runs the kitchen himself and his wife, Nelly, showed us to our table. Although the choice of items on the menu was very extensive, it was rather traditional. A long menu always worries me because a large menu often means a large freezer! We started with Wardle Trout and although it was fresh, it was spoilt by number of herbs. For main course, I chose the pepper steak which was the specialty of the day. I thought it was almost perfect because the chef had chosen excellent meat and it was cooked just long enough. My wife ordered the roast lamb, and although the quality of the meat was good, she thought it was a little underdone. Though the vegetables were fresh, they came in very small portions and were rather over-cooked for our tastes. However, the bread was fresh because it had been baked on the premises. I have often complained in this column about the difficulty of finding any restaurant which serves a fresh fruit salad. Luckily, this one did. Even though it must have been very time-consuming to prepare, it was a delight to see, and I had a second helping. As usual, I chose house wine, as this is often the best way to judge a restaurant's wine list. It was a French-bottled table wine which was quite satisfactory and reasonably priced. The bill, including coffee and brandy, came to 37 pounds, which was acceptable for the class of restaurant, although did not include service. '''''VOCABULARY NOTES''''' 1. a small family-run restaurant — небольшой семейный ресторанчик 2. overlook — выходить на (об окне, фасаде дома) 3. favourable comments — лестные, одобрительные высказывания 4. to book early — заказать заранее 5. we managed to get a nice table — нам удалось занять хороший столик 6. a view of the quay — вид на набережную, причал 7. the proprietor — собственник, владелец, хозяин 8. to run the kitchen — заниматься кухней, вести дела по кухне 9. to show smb. to the table — проводить кого-либо к столу 10. the choice of items on the menu was very extensive — выбор блюд был большим 11. to be fresh — быть свежим 12. to be spoilt — быть испорченным 13. herbs — трава, зелень 14. the main course — второе блюдо 15. the pepper steak — мясо с перцем 16. the roast lamb — жареная баранина 17. the quality of the meat was good — качество мяса было хорошим 18. to be a little underdone — немного не дожарено 19. to be rather over-cooked — быть переваренным 20. it had been baked on the premises — выпечен рядом, в собственной пекарне 21. to complain — жаловаться 22. the difficulty of finding any restaurant which serves a fresh fruit salad — трудность в поисках хорошего ресторана, где подают свежий салат из фруктов 23. time-consuming — требующий много времени 24. to be a delight to do smth. — восхищаться, доставлять наслаждение 25. house wine — домашнее вино 26. it's the best way to judge a restaurant's wine list — лучший способ судить о перечне вин в ресторане 27. the wine was quite satisfactory and reasonably priced — вино было вполне удовлетворительным и доступным по цене 28. the bill came to 37 pounds — счет составил 37 фунтов 29. the bill was acceptable — счет (оплата) был приемлемым 30. it did not include service — он не включал обслуживание 31. <nowiki>trout [tract] — форель

32. helping — порция

Task 11.

1) Translate from English into Russian.

2) Compose your own sentences using these words.

1. to overlook

2. to book early

3. to manage to do smth.

4. the proprietor

5. the main course

6. to run the hotel

7. the roast lamb

8. to complain

9. to be acceptable

10. house wine

Task 12. Put questions to the following sentences.

1. We decided to visit a small family-run restaurant in the village.

2. We have heard several favourable comments about a small family-run restaurant of Mr. Dean.

3. We managed to get a nice table with a view of the quay.

4. The service was excellent because it was a small family business.

5. The proprietor, a young handsome man, Mr. Dean, runs the hotel himself and his wife helps him.

6. The choice of items on the menu was very extensive.

7. For my main course I chose the pepper steak which was almost perfect.

8.The wine was quite satisfactory and reasonably priced.

9. The bill came to 50 pounds, although did not include service.

10. The fish was fresh, but it was spoilt by the number of herbs.

Task 13. Complete the sentences using the correct word combinations.

1) We decided to look at ... (a new hotel, our friends' new car; a small family-run restaurant in the village).

2) We had heard ... (last news; unpleasant comments of their restaurant; several favourable comments about it).

3) Jeff Dean ...(runs the hotel himself; stops work and receives pension; runs the kitchen himself).

4) For my main course I chose ...(a mushroom omelet; poultry; stewed hare; mashed potatoes; boiled tongue; the pepper steak) which was the specialty of the day.

5) My wife ordered ... (roast potatoes, beefsteak; a ham omelet; chowder; the roast lamb) it was a little underdone.

6) I have often complained about the difficulty of finding any (motel; hotel; cafe; restaurant) which serves a fresh fruit salad.

Task 14. Translate from Russian into English.

1. На прошлой неделе мы решили посетить небольшой ресторанчик, который находится недалеко от нашего отеля.

2. Нам удалось занять хороший столик с видом на причал.

3. Мы начали с форели и хотя, форель была свежей, вкус ее был испорчен обилием зелени.

4. Моя жена заказала жареную баранину, и хотя качество мяса было отличным, это блюдо было немного не дожарено.

5. Очень трудно найти хороший ресторан, где подают салат из свежих фруктов.

6. Счет, включая кофе и коньяк, составляет 40 фунтов.

7. В счет не было включено обслуживание.

Task 15. Read, translate and give a summary of the text. Put questions to the text.

MEALS AND RESTAURANTS

You'll find restaurants for every situation in the USA. If you are in a hurry, you may just want to grab some "junk food" at a grocery store or a candy counter, or you can get a bite to eat at one of the many fast food chains like McDonald's, Burger King, Kentucky Fried Chicken, or Taco Time. Or you can get a hero or submarine sandwich "to stay" or "to go" from a sandwich shop or deli. Some of these places have tables, but many don't. People eat in their cars or take their food home, to their offices, or to parks. If you prefer sitting down but still don't want to spend much, you can try a cafeteria. At all these places you pay at a cash register before you sit down, and you don't have to tip anybody — but you usually have to clear the table when you finish!

VOCABULARY NOTES

1. candy — very sweet sugary food

2. deli — short for delicatessen, a shop where you can buy salads and cooked meats and have sandwiches made

3. junk food — snack foods that you are not good for you

ROLE PLAY 3

Act out the following situations.

1. It's your wife's birthday tomorrow. You are going out to celebrate it. At the moment you are phoning a restaurant and booking a table for eight people.

2. You've come to a restaurant. You call the waiter and order a three-course dinner. At the end of the meal you ask for the bill.

3. Your friend and you are at a restaurant. At the moment you are

looking at the menu and choosing the dishes you would like to try. Your tastes differ.